Androgens alone as first treatment generally have not been. A free powerpoint ppt presentation displayed as a flash slide show on id. Pdf aplastic anemia is a rare disorder characterized by suppression of bone marrow function resulting in progressive pancytopenia. Because of major advances in diagnosis and therapeutic approaches, aa in children is today a disease that results in longterm survival in more than 90% of cases. Hemolytic anemia, a condition where the body destroys red blood cells prematurely. Penyebab anemia penyebab utama seseorang mengalami anemia, adalah kekurangan zat besi. Thyrotoxicosis didefinisikan sebagai keadaan saat kelebihan hormon tiroid.
Definition pancytopenia resulting from aplasia of the b. Anemia ini banyak diderita oleh ibu hamil dan ibu menyusui. Anemia aplastik terjadi antara lain karena kerusakan sel induk. Anemia aplastik pengertian, gejala, penyebab, faktor. Keadaan hipertiroid dapat menyebabkan thyrotoxicosis. Hipertiroid adalah sebuah kondisi yang terjadi ketika fungsi kelenjar tiroid menjadi tidak normal sehingga menyebabkan produksi dan pelepasan hormon tiroid yang berlebihan. Inherited aplastic anemia is caused by gene defects, and is most common in children and young adults. Anemia also spelled anaemia is a decrease in the total amount of red blood cells rbcs or hemoglobin in the blood, or a lowered ability of the blood to carry oxygen. Introduce the systemic classification of anemia on the basis of morphology and red blood cell production. Anemia can make you feel tired, cold, dizzy, and irritable. Aplastic anemia is a syndrome of bone marrow failure characterized by peripheral pancytopenia and marrow hypoplasia see the image below. Aplastic anemia is a rare, non cancerous disorder where the blood marrow is unable to adequately produce blood cells required for survival.
Penderita anemia aplastik juga mudah mengalami infeksi karena kekurangan leukosit sel darah putih. Jika anda terkena anemia, anda akan merasa sangat lemah. Pada kondisi ini, sumsum tulang tidak dapat memproduksi salah satu atau seluruh sel darah, termasuk sel. Penyebab anemia jenis ini adalah kekurangan zat besi di tubuh. Anemia aplastik adalah salah satu jenis kelainan darah yang disebabkan oleh kegagalan sumsum tulang untuk menghasilkan sel darah. Aplastic anemia, a condition that can be inherited or acquired. Aplastic anemia, which occurs when the bone marrow fails to produce enough red blood cells. Anemia aplastik adalah penyakit yang diturunkan secara autosomal resesif. Penyebabnya sangat beragam, dari yang karena perdarahan, kekurangan zat besi, asam folat, vitamin b12, sampai kelainan hemolitik. Mengenal anemia aplastik dan pengobatannya alodokter. Aplastic anemia is a disorder of the hematopoietic stem cell that results in a loss of blood cell precursors, hypoplasia or aplasia of bone marrow, and cytopenias in two or more cell lines red blood cells, white blood cells, andor platelets. Mds is a clonal disorder characterized by ineffective hematopoiesis, which can lead to either fatal cytopenias or acute myelogenous leukemia aml.
Although the anemia is often normocytic, mild macrocytosis can also be observed in association with stress erythropoiesis and elevated fetal hemoglobin levels. Oct 15, 2006 aplastic anemia, an unusual hematologic disease, is the paradigm of the human bone marrow failure syndromes. Pdf the diagnosis and treatment of aplastic anemia. Anemia wikipedia bahasa indonesia, ensiklopedia bebas. Difesiensi besi adalah penyebab anemia paling umum kondisi ini tidak terjadi secara tibatiba, melainkan melalui beberapa tahapan.
Almost universally fatal just a few decades ago, aplastic anemia can now be cured or ameliorated by stemcell transplantation or immunosuppressive drug therapy. Anemia adalah berkurangnya hingga dibawah nilai normal eritrosit, kuantitas hemoglobin, dan volume packed red blood cell hematokrit per 100 ml darah. Aplastic anemia is a rare bone marrow disorder characterized by pancytopenia. This collection features the best content from afp, as identified by the afp editors, on anemia and related issues, including blood transfusions, iron deficiency and iron supplementation. Jika anda terkena anemia, hendaknya segera temui dokter anda karena anemia dapat menjadi.
Aplastic anemia is a rare but serious blood disorder that occurs when your bone marrow cannot make enough new blood cells for your body to work normally. Sejumlah data telah membuktikan adanya hubungan defek genetik dengan anemia aplastik. Berikut ini adalah download jurnal gratis yang merupakan kumpulan file dari berbagi sumber tentang jurnal anemia aplastik yang bisa bapakibu gunakan dan diunduh secara gratis dengan menekan tombol download biru dibawah ini. Acquired aplastic anemia aa in childhood remains an uncommon, lifethreatening disorder. Aplastic anemia occurs when your bone marrow doesnt make enough red and white blood cells, and platelets. Defek genetik yang dimaksud adalah defek genetik yang menghilangkan kapasitas sel hematopoietik untuk memperbaiki dna seperti pada anemia fanconi replicationdependent removal of interstrand dna crosslinks dan diskeratosis kongenital telomere maintenance and repair atau defek. Anemia testing has now become a standard part of many health and nutrition programs. Feb 22, 2019 mengetahui macammacam anemia yang diderita seseorang akan mempermudah dalam hal pengobatan anemia nya. Aplastic anemia aa is a singular hematological rare disease that combines a blood pancytopenia with a hypocellular bone marrow bm the simplicity of these criteria conferred this clinical condition a reference as the paradigm of bm failure syndromes. Aplastic anemia leaves you feeling fatigued and with a higher risk of infections and uncontrolled bleeding. A bone marrow biopsy is necessary to diagnose aplastic anemia. Sickle cell anemia, an inherited disorder characterized by abnormal, crescentshaped red blood. It is a striking feature of many serious and lifethreatening illnesses, ranging from simple druginduced bone marrow hypoplasia, megaloblastic anemia to fatal bone marrow aplasias and leukemias.
Penyakit ini ditandai oleh penurunan atau tidak ada faktor pembentuk sel darah dalam sumsum tulang. Transient erythroblastopenia of childhood wikipedia. Ppt anemia powerpoint presentation free to view id. Berbeda seperti anemia pada umumnya, pada anemia aplastik ini tidak hanya sel darah merah yang berhenti produksinya, akan tetapi juga sel darah putih dan trombosit. Autoimmune hemolytic anemia aiha is a relatively uncommon disorder caused by autoantibodies directed against self red blood cells, with an estimated incidence in adults of 0. Jenis anemia aplastik ini adalah anemia aplastik yang terjadi setelah seseorang lahir bukan diturunkan dari. Hemoglobin is the part of blood that carries oxygen through your body. This means that aplastic anemia, or a subtype of aplastic anemia, affects less than 200,000 people in the us population. Walaupun demikian, anemia defisiensi besi adalah penyebab anemia tersering yang mengenai sekitar 500 juta orang diseluruh dunia. Blood disease normocytic normochromic anemias britannica. Anemia adalah turunnya kadar sel darah merah atau hemoglobin dalam darah. Children typically present with a moderate normocytic anemia usual range.
Two types of hemolytic anemia acute, acquired hemolytic anemia associated with exposure to primaquine, sulfa drugs chronic mild hemolytic anemia common in africans, caucasians, as compared to mediterraneans glucose6phosphate deficiency g6pd. Mengetahui macammacam anemia yang diderita seseorang akan mempermudah dalam hal pengobatan anemia nya. Classification of hemolytic anemias 2 extracorpuscular factors immune hemolytic anemias autoimmune hemolytic anemia transfusion of incompatible blood nonimmune hemolytic anemias chemicals bacterial infections, parasitic infections malaria, venons hemolysis due to physical trauma hemolytic uremic syndrome hus. Having fewer red blood cells causes hemoglobin to drop.
Despite all the difficulties in deciding whether a given factor may have caused the aplastic anaemia, it. If you have this type, there is a higher chance of developing leukemia and other cancers, so. Pancytopenia is a relatively common hematological entity. The reticulocyte count is used to assess the appropriateness of the bone marrow response to anemia.
The main sign of liver damage is jaundice, when the skin or whites of the eyes turn. Diagnosis and treatment of autoimmune hemolytic anemia. Prevalensi anemia gizi besi di indonesia cukup tinggi. Tanpa zat besi yang cukup, tubuh tidak akan memproduksi cukup hemoglobin untuk sel darah merah. It is estimated that the incidence of aplastic anemia is 0. An immune basis for most patients with aplastic anemia aa provides a rationale for immunosuppressive therapy ist, using antithmyocyte globulin and cyclosporine as one therapeutic modality. Aplastic anemia national heart, lung, and blood institute. Many diseases and conditions can damage the stem cells in bone marrow. This results from underproduction of peripheral blood elements due to bone marrow failure. Anemia adalah gejala dari kondisi yang mendasari, seperti kehilangan komponen darah, eleman tidak adekuat atau kurang nutrisi yang dibutuhkan untuk pembentukan sel darah, yang mengakibatkan penurunan kapasitas pengangkut oksigen darah dan ada. Sep 26, 20 aplastic anemia slideshare uses cookies to improve functionality and performance, and to provide you with relevant advertising. A rare and serious condition, aplastic anemia can develop at any age. Anemia due to hemolysis or bleeding is characterized by the presence of a reticulocytosis. Globin denatures and sticks to rbc membrane, forming heinz body.
Pdf masalah pada tata laksana anemia aplastik didapat. Current concepts in the pathophysiology and treatment of. Acquired aplastic anemia in children pubmed central pmc. Anemia dapat didefinisikan sebagai nilai hemoglobin, hematokrit, atau jumlah eritrosit per milimeter kubik lebih rendah dari normal dallman dan mentzer, 2006 menurut ahmad syafiq, dkk 2008 anemia didefinisikan sebagai keadaan di mana level hb rendah karena kondisi patologis. Aplastic anemia is a hematologic disorder characterized by a decrease in the cellular elements of the peripheral blood. A first female cousin, 5 year old at a time had the same dysmorphic features and pancytopenia, as well as skeletal and renal anomalies. Menurut anie kurniawan, dkk 1998 anemia adalah suatu. 1 pengertian anemia adalah keadaan berkurangnya jumlah eritrosit atau hemoglobin protein pembawa o 2 dari nilai normal dalam darah sehingga tidak dapat. Mulamula, simpanan zat besi dalam tubuh menurun, hingga mengurangi produksi hemoglobin dan sel darah merah secara perlahan. It can be congenital but is usually idiopathic but rarely certain drugs, chemicals and infections can cause aplastic anemia. Feb 05, 2019 anemia aplastik merupakan anemia akibat penurunan tingkat sel darah merah yang disebabkan oleh ketidakmampuan sel induk dalam sumsum tulang untuk memproduksi selsel baru. Immune hemolytic anemia is classified as autoimmune, alloimmune, or druginduced, based on the antigen that stimulates antibody or complementmediated destruction of red blood cells. Anemia aplastik merupakan anemia akibat penurunan tingkat sel darah merah yang disebabkan oleh ketidakmampuan sel induk dalam sumsum tulang untuk memproduksi selsel baru.
Aplastic anemia is a syndrome of bone marrow failure characterized by peripheral pancytopenia and marrow hypoplasia see the image. Epidemiology, pathogenesis and diagnosis of aplastic anaemia. Ada beberapa klasifikasi anemia yang bisa dijadikan panduan. Anemia atau sering disebut kurang darah adalah keadaan dimana darah merah kurang dari normal dan yang biasa digunakan sebagai dasar adalah kadar hemoglobin hb. Hematopoietic stemcell transplantation or bone marrow transplantation bmt is the treatment of choice for young patients who have a matched sibling donor. Data who tidak kalah fantastis, hampir 30% total penduduk dunia diperkirakan menderita anemia. Acquired aplastic anemia is a potentially fatal bone marrow failure disorder that is characterized by pancytopenia and a hypocellular bone marrow. Autoimmune hemolytic anemia autoimmune hemolytic anemia aiha is mediated by autoantibodies and further subdivided according to their maximal binding temperature. Riskadapted treatment strategies were established because of the high median age 6075 years of.
Vitamin deficiency anemia due to low levels of vitamins c, b12, or folate. There are no specific tests that can be used to identify with certainty the cause of the aplastic anaemia in any particular case. The normal reticulocyte count in a patient with a normal hb and hct is about 1%. Namun, anemia aplastik lebih sering terjadi pada anak remaja, orang dewasa muda usia awal 20an tahun, dan lansia.
If you continue browsing the site, you agree to the use of cookies on this website. Anemia healthy changes national heart, lung, and blood. Anemia aplastik gejala, penyebab dan mengobati alodokter. Anemia aplastik lebih sering terjadi pada orang dewasa muda usia 20 tahunan atau lansia. Having fewer white blood cells makes you more likely to get an. Forms of anemia in which the average size and hemoglobin content of the red blood cells are within normal limits are called normocytic normochromic anemias. Aplastic anemia, an unusual hematologic disease, is the paradigm of the human bone marrow failure syndromes. Berikut ini adalah download jurnal gratis yang merupakan kumpulan file dari berbagi sumber tentang jurnal anemia aplastic yang bisa bapakibu gunakan dan diunduh secara gratis dengan menekan tombol download biru dibawah ini. Describe the metabolic and physiologic responses to anemia, with emphasis on those that give rise to the clinical findings c. Aa refers to pancytopenia in association with bone marrow hypoplasiaaplasia. Askep anemia aplastik pada anak pdf anemia aplastik adalah gangguan berupa berkurangnya sel darah dalam darah tepi sebagai akibat terhentinya pembentukan sel.
Seperti telah di bahas sebelumnya, anemia adalah kurangnya sel sel darah merah eritrosit danatau hemoglobin yang mengakibatkan sel sel tubuh kekurangan oksigen sehingga mengganggu fungsi normal sistem tubuh. This is in contrast to transient aplastic crisis, seen in patients with hemoglobinopathies such as sickle cell disease, which is usually caused by parvovirus infection. Anemia is a common complication associated with liver disease, and alcohol is known to cause damage to the liver, leading to fatty liver, alcoholic hepatitis, cirrhosis, and even liver cancer. Menurut data yang dikeluarkan depkes ri, pada kelompok usia balita prevalensi anemia gizi besi pada tahun 2001 adalah 47,0%, kelompok wanita usia subur 26,4%, sedangkan pada ibu hamil 40,1%. Setiap jenis sel darah memiliki fungsi yang berbeda.
Aplastic anemia occurs because of damage to stem cells inside bone marrow, which is the spongelike tissue within your bones. During the bone marrow biopsy, a needle is inserted into the hip bone and a small core, or a cylindershaped piece of the bone, is obtained. Tanpa darah adalah keadaan saat jumlah sel darah merah atau jumlah hemoglobin protein pembawa oksigen dalam sel darah merah berada di bawah normal. Blood disease blood disease normocytic normochromic anemias.
Definisi anemia adalah kondisi dimana tubuh tidak memiliki cukup sel darah merah untuk mencukupi kebutuhan oksigen jaringan tubuh anda. Sel darah merah mengandung hemoglobin yang memungkinkan mereka mengangkut oksigen dari jantung. Your doctor will diagnose anemia with a physical exam and blood tests. Blood is a vital liquid that lows through your veins and arteries.
Aplastic anemia is listed as a rare disease by the office of rare diseases ord of the national institutes of health nih. Definition the bone marrow produces too few of all three types of blood cells. Sumsum tulang membutuhkan zat besi untuk membuat hemoglobin. Aplastic anemia symptoms, diagnosis, treatments and causes. Use of reticulocyte count in the evaluation of anemias. Anemia dapat bersifat sementara atau lama dan dapat bervariasi dari yang ringan hingga berat. Beberapa gejala awal anemia aplastik adalah lelah, pucat, sesak napas, dan pusing. Symptoms result from anemia, thrombocytopenia petechiae, bleeding, or leukopenia infections. Pengobatan anemia aplastik antara lain dengan memberikan obat antisupresan. Hal ini terjadi karena tubuh mempunyai kemampuan yang terbatas untuk mengabsorpsi. Adanya anemia akan menyebabkan transportasi oksigen terganggu sehingga jaringan tubuh orang yang mengalami anemia akan mengalami kekurangan oksigen, yang diperlukan untuk menghasilkan energi.
Berdasarkan penyebabnya, terdapat dua jenis anemia aplastik, yaitu. Aplastic anemia is a condition that occurs when your body stops producing enough new blood cells. Autoimmune hemolytic anemia aiha is an uncommon disorder characterized by hemolysis mediated by autoantibodies directed against selfred blood cells rbc, with the incidence of per 100,000year and mortality rate of approximately 11% 1,2. Anemia aplastik adalah kegagalan sumsum tulang baik secara fisiologis maupun anatomis. Pada kondisi ini, sumsum tulang tidak dapat memproduksi salah satu atau seluruh sel darah, termasuk sel darah merah, sel darah putih, dan platelet. Anemia adalah salah satu penyakit yang sering diderita masyarakat, baik anakanak, remaja usia subur, ibu hamil ataupun orang tua. When anemia comes on slowly, the symptoms are often vague and may include feeling tired, weakness, shortness of breath, and a poor ability to exercise. Anemia aplastik pengertian, gejala, penyebab, faktor risiko.